Class S21- Would You Rather
Rather BeWe’re a thousand miles from comfort I would wait forever, exulted in the scene With every step we take, Kyoto to the bay If you gave me a chance We staked out on a mission With every step we take, Kyoto to the bay If you gave me a chance When I am with you If you gave me a chance When I am with you
| Preferiria EstarEstamos a mil milhas do conforto Eu esperaria para sempre, exultava com a cena A cada passo que damos, de Kyoto para a baía Se você me desse uma chance Estamos parados numa missão A cada passo que damos, de Kyoto para a baía Se você me desse uma chance Quando eu estou com você Se você me desse uma chance Quando eu estou com você
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Class S22- You’d better – Had better
Had better / would rather
Had better – would rather
Should / had better – exercises
Should – ought to – had better
Had better – quiz 1
Had better – quiz 2
Should / ought to / had better
Had better – exercises
Had better… It’s time…
Prefer / like better / would rather—
Would rather – quiz 1
Would rather – quiz 2
Class S23- Indirect Questions: common mistake
What Are Indirect Questions?
Direct questions are the “normal” questions that we can ask friends, family members, and people who we know well. You can form direct questions using the QUASM model that we learned last lesson.
Example of a direct question:
“Where’s the bathroom?”
Indirect questions are a little more formal and polite. We use them when talking to a person we don’t know very well, or in professional situations, and their form is a little different.
Example of an indirect question:
“Could you tell me where the bathroom is?”
Phrases For Indirect Questions
- Could you tell me…
- Do you know…
- I was wondering…
- Do you have any idea…
- I’d like to know…
- Would it be possible…
- Is there any chance…
Direct And Indirect Questions In English: Examples
Direct: Where is Market Street?
Indirect: Could you tell me where Market Street is?
In indirect questions with is/are, the verb (is) comes after the subject (Market Street).
Direct What time does the bank open?
Indirect: Do you know what time the bank opens?
In indirect questions, we don’t use the auxiliary verbs do/does/did. Also, you can see that the verb is “open” in the direct question, and “opens” in the indirect question.
Direct: Why did you move to Europe?
Indirect: I was wondering why you moved to Europe.
Again, there is no auxiliary verb did in the indirect question. In fact, this indirect question isn’t even a question – it’s more of a statement that invites the other person to give more information.
Direct: How has he managed to get in shape so quickly?
Indirect: Do you have any idea how he’s managed to get in shape so quickly?
The auxiliary verbs have and has can be used in both the direct and indirect questions – but in the direct question, “has” comes before the subject (he), and in the indirect question, “has” comes after the subject.
Direct: How much does this motorcycle cost?
Indirect: I’d like to know how much this motorcycle costs.
To form the indirect question, remove does and change “cost” to “costs.”
Direct: Can you finish the project by tomorrow?
Indirect: Would it be possible for you to finish the project by tomorrow?
For direct questions with can, we can use the phrase “would it be possible…” to make it indirect.
Direct: Can we change the meeting to Thursday?
Indirect: Is there any chance we could change the meeting to Thursday?
“Is there any chance…” is another option for forming indirect questions with can.
Yes/No Direct Questions –> “If” In Indirect Questions
If the direct question is a “yes or no” question (it has no question word such as what, who, when, where, why, or how), then the indirect question will have if.
Direct: Does Tom like Italian food?
Indirect: Do you know if Tom likes Italian food?
Direct: Are your parents joining us for dinner?
Indirect: Could you tell me if your parents are joining us for dinner?
Direct: Do they speak English?
Indirect: I was wondering if they speak English.
Direct: Has Barbara ever studied abroad?
Indirect: Do you have any idea if Barbara’s ever studied abroad?
Direct: Do you plan on traveling this summer?
Indirect: I’d like to know if you plan on traveling this summer.
Unjumble the sentence. Tip: The first word has a capital letter and once you put it in the correct order, the word changes the color to show that you are right.
Quiz
Now that you have a good understanding of indirect questions. Here’s a short quiz to test your understanding. Take each direct question and create an indirect question with an introductory phrase.
- What time does the train leave?
- How long will the meeting last?
- When does he get off work?
- Why have they waited so long to react?
- Are you coming to the party tomorrow?
- Which car should I choose?
- Where are the books for the class?
- Does he enjoy hiking?
- How much does the computer cost?
- Will they attend the conference next month?
Answers
The answers use a variety of introductory phrases. There are many introductory phrases that are correct, only one is shown. Make sure to check the word order of the second half of your answer.
- Can you tell me what time the train leaves?
- I have no idea how long the meeting will last.
- I’m not sure when he gets off work.
- Do you know why they have waited so long to react?
- I wonder if you are coming to the party tomorrow.
- I’m not sure which care I should choose.
- Can you tell me where the books for the class are?
- I don’t know if he enjoys hiking.
- Do you happen to know how much the computer costs?
- I’m not sure if they will attend the conference next month.
Class S24- Review
Class S25- How to sound smart in your TEDx Talk | Will Stephen | TEDxNewYork
Class S26- PRESENTATION: USE THE SKILLS LEARNED LAST CLASS
Class S27- Driving Green
Summary
The future continuous can be used to talk about an activity that will be in progress at a specific future time.
- At four o’clock tomorrow I’ll be lying here again.
The future continuous can also be used to talk about a future event that will happen in the normal course of things. This means the action is certain to happen without any effort or decision being made by the speaker.
- I’ll give John his birthday present since I’ll be seeing him at work on Monday.
- I can give you a lift as I’ll be going into town anyway to do the shopping.
- Flight attendants will be circulating around the cabin to offer you refreshments.
We can also use the future continuous to politely enquire about a person’s plans for the future. This is used to ask about someone’s plans without any pressure.
- Will you be coming to dinner tonight?
We can also use state verb in the continuous form for this use.
- Will you be wanting dinner?
Class S28- Future Continuous: Conversation Class
Class S29- How beauty filters are changing the way we want to look
Present continuous (future arrangements)
We often use the present continuous to talk about the future, especially about future plans when we have decided a time and a place with other people. We normally use a future time expression, e.g. tomorrow, next week, at 7, etc.
- I’m meeting Sally at 7. (=I have talked to her and we have arranged to meet.)
- I’m flying to New York tomorrow morning. (=I have the ticket.)
- We’re getting married next July. (=We have decided it and we have probably already made reservations for the restaurant, etc.)
The present continuous for future arrangements is very common with verbs of travelling, and when we are meeting people.
- I’m leaving very early tomorrow. I’m taking the 7.30 train.
- I’m playing golf with Jack next Saturday. Would you like to come?
- I’m seeing the dentist after class.
Present continuous vs be going to
We can normally use the present continuous or be going to to talk about future plans.
- I’m leaving very early tomorrow.
- I’m going to leave very early tomorrow.
But we prefer using the present continuous when we have made arrangements (i.e. decided a place and time with somebody else). When use be going to, we put the emphasis on our intention to do something.
- I’m going to study for the exams tomorrow. (=it’s my intention)
- I’m leaving at 8 tomorrow. (=it’s an arrangement)
- ‘Your car is dirty.’ ‘I know. I’m going to wash it tomorrow.’ (=it’s my intention, but I haven’t arranged to do it)
Will for decisions
Use will for decisions that you take at the moment of speaking (instant decisions).
- ‘Oh, we don’t have sugar.’ ‘Don’t worry, I’ll buy some.’
Be going to or will for predictions
We use be going to or will (NOT the present continuous) to make predictions about the future. (⇒ See Grammar points » A2 Grammar »
- I think he’ll win the election.
- The doctor said I’m going to have a girl.